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**INDIA GOLDEN TEMPLE MAKES ISOLATED ENVIRONMENT**
India being part of the world’s oldest civilizations is a land of rich history, countless beliefs, traditions and legends surrounding the religions. India takes pride in the country’s rich cultural and religious history as it is the birth land of the traditions of Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism. India is a land where people of different religious beliefs live in harmony and brotherhood. Hinduism is believed to be the world’s oldest religion. Unlike other religions, Hinduism does not have a founder but is instead a fusion of religions. Various ancient manuscripts and scholars describe the religion as a traditional way of living, a religion whose beginning and ending cannot be traced.
Today we talking about hindu temple and his different story to his making so beautiful and holy.Some of the famous temples in India are:
1.GOLDEN TEMPLE (AMRITSAR):-
The Golden Temple, also known as Sri Harmandir Sahib, is a highly revered Sikh temple located in the city of Amritsar in the northern Indian state of Punjab. The temple is considered the holiest shrine for Sikhs and is visited by millions of people every year from all over the world.
The temple was built in the 16th century by Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh Guru, and is situated in the middle of a large pool of water called the Amrit Sarovar. The temple is known for its unique architecture, with its golden dome and intricate marble inlay work.
The temple is open to people of all faiths and has a community kitchen, called Langar, which serves free meals to all visitors. The kitchen serves up to 100,000 people on busy days and is run by volunteers.
The Golden Temple is not only a religious site but also a symbol of unity, equality, and service, which are the core values of Sikhism. The temple is a must-visit destination for anyone who wants to experience the rich culture and history of Punjab and learn about Sikhism.
1.1GOLDEN TEMPLE HISTORY.
The history of the Golden Temple dates back to the 16th century, when the fourth Sikh Guru, Guru Ram Das, decided to build a new center of worship for the Sikh community. The site of the temple was chosen by Guru Ram Das himself and was located in the midst of a small lake. The construction of the temple was completed by Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh Guru, in the early 17th century.
Over the centuries, the Golden Temple has been destroyed and rebuilt several times. The temple was destroyed by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in the late 17th century and was rebuilt by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in the early 19th century, who covered the temple in gold, hence the name "Golden Temple".
The Golden Temple is renowned for its unique architecture, with its gleaming golden dome and marble walls decorated with intricate designs and inscriptions from the Sikh holy book, the Guru Granth Sahib. The temple complex also features a large man-made lake, known as the Amrit Sarovar, which is considered to be holy by Sikhs and is believed to have healing powers.
The Golden Temple is open to people of all faiths and is visited by millions of tourists and pilgrims every year. The temple serves free meals to thousands of people every day, regardless of their religion, caste or social status, in a practice called "langar". This practice of serving food is a key aspect of Sikhism and reflects the belief in the equality of all people, regardless of their background.
Sri Harmandir Sahib, also known as Sri Darbar Sahib or Golden Temple, (on account of its scenic beauty and golden coating for English speaking world), is named after Hari (God) the temple of God. The Sikhs all over the world, daily wish to pay visit to Sri Amritsar and to pay obeisance at Sri Harmandir Sahib in their Ardas.
Guru Arjan Sahib, the Fifth Nanak, conceived the idea of creating a central place of worship for the Sikhs and he himself designed the architecture of Sri Harmandir Sahib. Earlier the planning to excavate the holy tank (Amritsar or Amrit Sarovar) was chalked out by Guru Amardas Sahib, the Third Nanak, but it was executed by Guru Ramdas Sahib under the supervision of Baba Budha ji. The land for the site was acquired by the earlier Guru Sahibs on payment or free of cost from the Zamindars (landlords) of native villages. The plan to establish a town settlement was also made. Therefore, the construction work on the Sarovar (the tank) and the town started simultaneously in 1570. The work on both projects completed in 1577 A.D.
Who donated land for Golden Temple
The land for the site was bought by the Guru Ram Das Sahib on payment from the Zamindars (landlords) of native villages.
Guru Arjan Sahib got its foundation laid by a muslim saint Hazrat Mian Mir ji of Lahore on 1st of Magh, 1645 Bikrmi Samvat (December, 1588). The construction work was directly supervised by Guru Arjan Sahib himself and he was assisted by the prominent Sikh personalities like Baba Budha ji, Bhai Gurdas ji, Bhai Sahlo ji and many other devoted Sikhs.
Unlike erecting the structure on the higher level (a tradition in Hindu Temple architecture), Guru Arjan Sahib got it built on the lower level and unlike Hindu Temples having only one gate for the entrance and exit, Guru Sahib got it open from four sides. Thus he created a symbol of new faith, Sikhism. Guru Sahib made it accessible to every person without any distinction of Caste, creed, sex and religion.
The building work completed in 1601 A.D. on Bhadoon Sudi 1st, 1661 Bikrmi Samvat (August/September,1604). Guru Arjan Sahib installed newly created Guru Granth Sahib, in Sri Harmandir Sahib and appointed Baba Budha ji as its first Granthi i.e. the reader of Guru Granth Sahib. After this event it attained the status of ‘Ath Sath Tirath’. Now the Sikh Nation had their own Tirath, a pilgrimage center.
Sri Harmandir Sahib, is built on a 67ft. square platform in the centre of the Sarovar (tank). The temple itself is 40.5ft. square. It has a door each on the East, West, North and South. The Darshani Deori (an arch) stands at the shore end of the causeway. The door frame of the arch is about 10ft in height and 8ft 6inches in breath. The door panes are decorated with artistic style. It opens on to the causeway or bridge that leads to the main building of Sri Harmandir Sahib. It is 202 feet in length and 21 feet in width.
The bridge is connected with the 13 feet wide ‘Pardakshna’ (circumambulatory path). It runs round the main shrine and it leads to the ‘Har ki Paure’ (steps of God). On the first floor of "Har Ki Pauri", there is continuous reading of Guru Granth Sahib.
The main structure of Sri Harmandir Sahib, functionally as well as technically is a three-storied one. The front, which faces the bridge, is decorated with repeated cusped arches and the roof of the first floor is at the height of the 26 feet and 9 inches.
At the top of the first floor 4 feet high parapet rises on all the sides which has also four ‘Mamtees’ on the four corners and exactly on the top of the central hall of the main sanctuary rises the third story. It is a small square room and have three gates. A regular recitation of Guru Granth Sahib is also held there.
On the top of this room stands the low fluted ‘Gumbaz’ (dome) having lotus petal motif in relief at the base inverted lotus at the top which supports the "Kalash" having a beautiful "Chhatri" at the end.
Its architecture represents a unique harmony between the Muslims and the Hindus way of construction work and this is considered the best architectural specimens of the world. It is often quoted that this architecture has created an independent Sikh school of architecture in the history of art in India.
Sikh Martyrs
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